[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.boxby.cz\/kulturni-antropologie\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.boxby.cz\/kulturni-antropologie\/","headline":"Kulturn\u00ed antropologie","name":"Kulturn\u00ed antropologie","description":"Je to jeden z my\u0161lenkov\u00fdch proud\u016f, kter\u00e9 dominovaly v americk\u00e9 sociologii od t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch a\u017e po pades\u00e1t\u00e1 l\u00e9ta dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho […]","datePublished":"2019-06-01","dateModified":"2023-05-06","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.boxby.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.boxby.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bf8a2da9791e94b6eb5cec245ee5eeceecb651e79e829278e2c546441579397e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/bf8a2da9791e94b6eb5cec245ee5eeceecb651e79e829278e2c546441579397e?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"boxby.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.boxby.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a346085_w2071_t1560065545.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.boxby.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a346085_w2071_t1560065545.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.boxby.cz\/kulturni-antropologie\/","wordCount":351,"articleBody":"Je to jeden z my\u0161lenkov\u00fdch proud\u016f, kter\u00e9 dominovaly v americk\u00e9 sociologii od t\u0159ic\u00e1t\u00fdch a\u017e po pades\u00e1t\u00e1 l\u00e9ta dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Od antropologie si vyp\u016fj\u010duje koncept kultury a c\u00edlem je vysv\u011btlit fenom\u00e9n soci\u00e1ln\u00ed integrace. Kulturn\u00ed antropologov\u00e9 pova\u017euj\u00ed kulturu za z\u00e1kladn\u00ed prvek, jeho\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm lze vysv\u011btlit fungov\u00e1n\u00ed cel\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti. Stav\u00ed se tak proti sociolog\u016fm chicagsk\u00e9 \u0161koly, kte\u0159\u00ed za z\u00e1klad rozvoje kultury pova\u017eovali v\u00fdrobu. Kulturn\u00ed antropologov\u00e9 definuj\u00ed kulturu jako soubor jazyka, norem a hodnot, kter\u00e9 jsou spole\u010dn\u00e9 v\u0161em \u010dlen\u016fm spole\u010dnosti.Ka\u017ed\u00e1 spole\u010dnost m\u00e1 tak sv\u016fj charakteristick\u00fd kulturn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00e9mu jsou jej\u00ed \u010dlenov\u00e9 pov\u011bt\u0161inou celo\u017eivotn\u011b odd\u00e1ni. V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm pojmem pro kulturn\u00ed antropology je i socializace, nebo\u0165 podle nich je to tr\u00e9nink, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1h\u00e1 jedinci zvl\u00e1dnout v\u0161echny situace, se kter\u00fdmi se b\u011bhem \u017eivota setk\u00e1. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu socializace se kultura st\u00e1v\u00e1 sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jedincovy osobnosti, co\u017e dovoluje, aby se spole\u010dnost reprodukovala z generace na generaci. Jedince zcela ovliv\u0148uje kultura, ke kter\u00e9 n\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed, v\u011bt\u0161inou i nev\u011bdomky. Proto je pro n\u011b obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 uva\u017eovat o individu\u00e1ln\u00ed autonomii, proto\u017ee individuum je podle nich odrazem kultury spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e1 se do n\u011bj obtiskuje.Pojem mechanick\u00e1 socializace je hypot\u00e9za, kter\u00e1 je podm\u00ednkou pro zd\u00e1rn\u00fd pr\u016fb\u011bh socializace a p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00ed kultury z\u00a0jedn\u00e9 generace na dal\u0161\u00ed generaci. Nezbytn\u00fdm p\u0159edpokladem je, \u017ee v\u0161ichni socializa\u010dn\u00ed \u010dinitel\u00e9 sleduj\u00ed tut\u00e9\u017e logiku a jedinec v\u0161echny informace p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1 aktivn\u011b. V\u00fdznam kulturn\u00ed antropologie tkv\u00ed v tom, \u017ee jednozna\u010dn\u011b ozna\u010dila kulturu za p\u016fvodce rozd\u00edl\u016f, kter\u00e9 byly d\u0159\u00edve vn\u00edm\u00e1ny jako rozd\u00edly p\u0159irozen\u00e9 (nap\u0159. d\u011blba pr\u00e1ce mezi pohlav\u00edmi \u2013 mu\u017e jako\u017eto lovec a \u017eivitel rodiny a \u017eena jako\u017eto ochr\u00e1nkyn\u011b rodinn\u00e9ho krbu a vychovatelka d\u011bt\u00ed). Ovlivnila dal\u0161\u00ed proudy, nap\u0159. funkcionalismus a sociologii habitu.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.4\/5 - (10 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Kulturn\u00ed antropologie","item":"https:\/\/www.boxby.cz\/kulturni-antropologie\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]